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In this appendix the results of the network study are presented. The information is mainly based on telephone interviews. The approached organizations are presented in alphabetical order. At the end of this appendix, the names and addresses of some relevant foreign organizations and experts are listed.

Damrak 28-30

1012 LJ Amsterdam

tel. +31-20-62.30.823

fax. +31-20-62.08.049

E-mail: BOTHENDS@Geo.2.Geomail.Org

Both ENDS supports NGOs in the South and as such is not performing activities itself. Within Both ENDS there is no specific expertise on urban agriculture, but there is on sustainable agriculture. Both ENDS has contacts with many NGOs in the South. One of them is the Help Self Help Centre in Nairobi, which returned the questionnaire (see Chapter 4 of this report).

`Huize Duinzicht'- Rhijngeesterstraatweg 40

P.O. Box 77

2340 AB Oegstgeest

tel. +31-71-51.59.159

fax. +31-71-51.75.391

Contact person: Mr. van Leeuwen (tel. 51.59.343)

CEBEMO/VASTENAKTIE is funding projects in the South, mainly in rural areas. CEBEMO/VASTENAKTIE supports some agricultural projects nearby cities who face specific marketing possibilities and problems. The pressure of cities on the surrounding rural areas can be very high and by supporting the farmers around the city CEBEMO/VASTENAKTIE hopes they can manage to cope with this pressure. CEBEMO/VASTENAKTIE also supports several waste composting projects in cities. One of the supported organizations is ALTERNATIVA in Lima, Peru, which returned the questionnaire (see Chapter 4 of this report).

Mariaplaats 3-I

P.O. Box 19023

3501 DA Utrecht

tel. +31-30-23.00.999

fax. +31-30-23.67.998

Eco-operation has so far not met the issue of urban agriculture in their work. They have had contact with a waste management project in a city in Benin.

Kastanjelaan 5

P.O. Box 64

3830 AB Leusden

tel: +31-33-49.43.086

fax: +31-33-49.40.791

telex: 79380 ETC NL

contact person: Mrs. Ann Waters-Bayer

ETC is an international organization with several offices; three offices are dealing with urban agriculture:

In 1992 ETC Netherlands published a report on urban agriculture (Bliek, 1993) and in 1994 they assisted ILEIA in publishing a newsletter on urban agriculture.

The activities on urban agriculture are at the moment:

* Short-term consultancies

* Publications

* Participation and co-organization of workshops

* ETC field offices

ETC would like to get involved in long-term projects on urban agriculture too. Donor-agencies and policy-makers should be made aware of urban agriculture. ETC tries to raise this awareness in a way they consider to be important: by first looking what is happening (Participative Appraisal) and then studying how to develop suitable techniques (Participatory Technology Development).

Recently the Latin American urban agriculture network was started. Julio Prudencio Böhrt is coordinator of this network. The role of ETC in this network will be: advising and backstopping. ETC Andes will be involved in this network, because they are already active in the field of urban agriculture. The specific expertise of Ann Waters-Bayer is on urban livestock.

P.O. Box 176

3970 AD Driebergen

tel. +31-343-51.21.99

fax. +31-343-51.24.99

e-mail: ifoam99@antenna.nl

IFOAM is dealing with organic farming; this often involves intensive farming and thus intensive techniques such as composting. IFOAM therefore also deals with urban agriculture, because the techniques they promote can be profitable in urban agriculture. Recently they started a program on Community Supported Agriculture, direct marketing and waste recycling.

Wibautstraat 3

1091 GH Amsterdam

tel. +31-20-59.62.666

fax. +31-20-59.64.416

contact persons: Luc Weteling, Koen de Jong and Cees Bruins

Ingenieursburo Amsterdam has supervised two composting projects in Managua (Nicaragua):

Selling the compost seemed to be a problem. A marketing program was therefore started. A questionnaire to determine the need for compost showed that people considered compost to be old-fashioned. On the basis of these results a video was made in which the potential of compost was explained and the places where it could be sold were announced. The video was shown on television and turned out to be successful. As a consequence the municipal project managed to cover the costs. Also the small-scale project was benefiting from the promotion video.

Weena 718

P.O. Box 1935

3000 BX Rotterdam

tel. +31-10-40.21.523

fax. +31-10-40.45.671

contact person: Jos Frijns

At IHS no-one is specifically involved in urban agriculture, but urban agriculture is an issue in the training program. IHS has a reserved attitude towards urban agriculture for environmental reasons. The problem of heavy metals has long-term health consequences, while pathogens in irrigation water can have short-term consequences for human health. According to Jos Frijns compost could in theory contribute to the improvement of the environmental conditions, but he stresses the fact that polluted compost will deteriorate the situation.

Lawickse Allee 11,

P.O. Box 88

6700 AB Wageningen

tel. +31-317-49.01.11 (reception)

fax. +31-317-41.85.52

Library open: Monday-Friday 9-12h and 13.30-16.30h

contact person: Mrs. Tina van den Briel (senior in nutrition; tel. 49.03.44)

IAC is focusing its activities on rural development mainly; therefore, not much is done on urban agriculture. In 1988 Tina van den Driel was involved in an assignment for the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, concerning urban agriculture and urban nutrition. Her expertise concerning urban agriculture lies in urban nutrition. Her colleague (M. Beek), whose expertise is on fruitcrops and gardening is more and more confronted with urban agriculture.

Nickersteeg 5

2611 EK Delft

tel. +31-15-26.23.279

contact person: Tjeerd Deelstra

IIUE is working with the integrated concept of urban planning and is interested to create win-win-situations. The expertise of Tjeerd Deelstra is on integrated (strategic) urban planning and the relation between the city and the rural hinterland. At the moment he is not dealing with urban agriculture, but in the past he wrote several articles concerning urban agriculture and its potential role in sustainable urban development.

Tjeerd Deelstra has some future plans concerning urban agriculture:

Kastanjelaan 5,

P.O. Box 64,

3830 AB Leusden

tel: +31-33-49.43.086

fax: +31-33-49.40.791

telex: 79380 ETC NL

E-mail: ileia @ ileia.nl

ILEIA is an information centre for organizations/farmers in the South; it operates a documentation centre, publishes a quarterly newsletter, bibliographies and resource guides, holds workshops and supports regional networks in the Third World. Contact person for the library: Wietse Bruinsma.

Interesting issues of Ileia-newsletter are available for US$ 5:

Vol. 10, no. 3 (1994): Wastes wanted.

Vol.10, no. 4 (1994): Farming at close quarters.

Mauritskade 63

1092 AD Amsterdam

Department of Agriculture and Enterprise Development (AED): tel. +31-20-56.88.269

contact person: Dr. Ir. Willem Stoop (tel. 56.88.387)

The Royal Tropical Institute has no activities on urban agriculture. However, the department of Economic Development of the institute is dealing with marketing horticultural crops.

Haarweg 333

P.O. Box 341

6700 AH Wageningen

tel. +31-317-48.40.50

fax. +31-317-48.45.75

contact person: Louise Fresco

The department of agronomy has not been involved in agriculture; in the past prof. Fresco implemented a study on homegardens.

Hekellaan 6

P.O. Box 1041

5200 BA 's-Hertogenbosch

tel. +31-73-61.44.544

fax. +31-73-61.32.115

contact person: Sacha Kamil

For information: see SOH.

Amaliastraat 7

2514 JC Den Haag

tel. +31-70-34.21.625

fax. +31-70-36.14.461

contact person: Harrie Oppenoorth (urban environment)

NOVIB is funding several organizations in the South dealing with urban agriculture of which some are focusing on hydroponics. For more information: see SOH.

Bezuidenhoutseweg 161

2594 AG Den Haag

tel. +31-70-344.02.44

fax. +31-70-385.55.31

contact person: Albert Heringa (staff member on environment, tel. 344.02.56)

SNV has at the moment one person stationed in a project dealing with urban agriculture. This project has to develop a new suburb/quarter of Lima, whereby attention is paid to the following issues:

- Participative method

- Environmentally safe

- Attention for agriculture: use of waste-water, fish ponds, frog nursery.

SNV used to focus on rural areas, but Albert Heringa tries to bring urban issues under the attention at SNV, because of the growing urbanisation and the relation between cities and rural areas (closing nutrient cycles, waste processing, pollution). His expertise is on general environmental issues.

Cornelis Houtmanstraat 17

P.O. Box 13077

3507 LB Utrecht

tel. +31-30-27.10.614

fax. +31-30-27.10.814

contact person: Hans Heijs

Mensen in Nood/Caritas, SOH and NOVIB had a desk-study done concerning the VPO program `food security urban sector' as a preparation for a program evaluation. (See References in this report.)

Involved in the evaluation were:

SOH - Hans Heijs

Mensen in Nood/Caritas - Mrs. Sacha Kamil

Novib - Mrs. Trudy van Iterson and Adri Patma

DGIS - Eric Jansonius and Jacques Remmerswaal (DGIS-DPO/MP)

SOH is funding projects dealing with urban food security; food production is part of the activities in these projects.

Marijkeweg 11/22,

P.O. Box 125

6700 AC Wageningen

tel. +31-317-47.42.00 (reception)

fax: +31-317-42.48.12

telex: 75230 visi-nl

contact person: Dr. L.M. van den Berg (tel. 47.44.35)

The Staring centre in cooperation with an Israeli institute and an organization from Nigeria have organised a seminar (1995) on "market-gardening in the urban fringe" at the Jos plateaux in Nigeria. The focus was on the situation of small farmers and the relation between landowners and immigrants. These immigrants irrigate their crops and are therefore able to practise market gardening in the dry season. All products are sold in nearby cities. Some of the issues were:

The project is focusing on the urban fringe in the Jos plateaux in Nigeria; the project also returned the questionnaire (see Chapter 4 of this report).

Sarphatistraat 650

1018 AV Amsterdam

tel. +31-20-62.64.409

fax. +31-20-62.77.489

contact person: Ilse Suikerbuik

Prinsengracht 130

1011 HV Amsterdam

tel. +31-20-52.54.063

contact persons: Prof. Dr. Isa Baud and Marijk Huysman (AIO)

The Department of Social Geography is involved in research projects in the South on (solid) waste management. In Bangalore, India, Marijk Huysman has been doing research into the whole waste cycle, including composting (large-scale, as well as small-scale).

For the near future two research projects are planned:

AVRDC Production Systems Program

P.O. Box 42

Shanhua

Tainan

Taiwan 74100

fax: +886-6-583.00.09

contact person: David Midmore (Director)

AVRDC has a special program on homegardens.

P.O. Box 8500

Ottawa, Ontario

Canada K1G 3H9

tel: +1-613-236-6163

fax: +1-613-238-7230

Cable: RECENTRE OTTAWA

telex: 053-3753

contact person: Luc J.A. Mougeot, Urban Environment Management Program

IDRC has implemented and funded several projects on urban agriculture and urban nutrition: many past studies have tested links between waste treatment and recycling with farming, others have analyzed urban food circulation systems

P.O. Box 14550

Nairobi, Kenya

tel: +254-2-443.219/443.226/443.229

fax: +254-2-444.643

The Mazingira Institute implemented two surveys on urban agriculture in 6 Kenyan towns, in 1985 and 1987.

Results of the surveys are presented in:

1711 Lamont St NW

Washington, DC 20010, USA

tel: +1-202-4838.130

fax: +1-202-9866.732

E-mail: 72144.3446@compuserve.com on Internet

contact persons: Jac Smit and Annu Ratta

The Urban Agriculture Network is a focal point and resource centre for promoting urban farming in low-income countries. It brings together over 1000 NGOs, researchers, farmers, government agencies and international agencies from over 25 countries. The network promotes urban farming as a strategy to empower the poor, reduce hunger and malnutrition, promote income-generating employment and enterprise development, and make the urban environment healthier. The network promotes increased interaction and cooperation among agencies working in urban farming at local, national and international level.

UNITAS

Casilla 6254

La Paz, Bolivia

tel: +591-2-391.365

fax: +591-2-379.632

Mr. Böhrt is an economist with UNITAS (La Unión de Instituciones de trabajo y acción social), which is an umbrella organization of 23 NGOs. He studied urban agriculture/nutrition in Bolivia and other Latin American countries.

Research Coordinator

Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA)

54, Rue Carnot,

P.O. Box 3370

Dakar, Senegal

tel: +221-224.229/216.027

fax: +221-222.695

Mr. Diallo has done several studies on urban farming in West-Africa.

P.O. Box 30837

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

tel: +251-1-185.932

fax: +251-1-510.545

Dr. Egziabher has done a study on urban agriculture in Addis Ababa. She stresses the role of urban agriculture in socio-economic structures.

AVRDC/IICA

P.O. Box 55-2200

San Jose

Costa Rica

fax: +506-229-4741

Mrs. Marsh is involved in the AVRDC Home garden program and focuses on the nutritional benefits of homegardening.

Land Tenure Centre

University of Wisconsin

1357 University Avenue

Madison, Wisconsin

USA 53706

tel: +1-608-262.3567

fax: +1-608-262.2141

Prof. Maxwell has done an thorough study on urban farming in Kampala, whereby the emphasis was on the logics of urban agriculture.

Instituto de Estudios Peruanos

Horacio Urteaga 694

Lima 11

Peru

Mr. Pinzas has written a report on urban agriculture in Peru; he suggests that more attention be given to recycling of waste and sewage water.

Geography Department

University of Dar es Salaam

P.O. Box 35049

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

tel: +255-51-49.192 ext.2337

Dr. Sawio is an assistant lecturer in geography at the university of Dar es Salaam. He has studied urban agriculture in Dar es Salaam.

Director, Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies

The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Shatin, NT

Hong Kong

tel: +852-6.098.777

fax: +852-6.035.215

Dr. Yeung is a specialist in urban agriculture in Asia. He wrote several articles on this subject.

Peter Njenga

P.O. Box 40417

Nairobi

KENYA

Undugu Society of Kenya (USK) was founded by Father Arnold Grol to assist and rehabilitate the needy street children. USK established a formal presence in the form of operational field offices in the slum areas from which youngsters started relating to the society. USK is committed to the principle of upholding human dignity, decency and freedom (preferential concern for children) and gives hope and confidence through the intergraded empowerment processes aimed at achieving self-reliance.

Elizabeth Munene

P.O. Box 40603

Nairobi

Kenya

The Help Self Help Centre (HSHC) aims at creating enabling environment for the rural and urban poor to empower themselves and thus influence development. HSHC was formed in 1989 after a ‘Participatory Rural Appraisal’ workshop, jointly organised by the Egerton University, Clark University and the Kenya National Environmental Secretariat, at which a group of participants followed the idea of forming an organisation that promotes the concept of Participatory Resource Management. It stresses the role of the community in the management of its natural resources and their sustainable development. The community should be involved in identifying the problems and priorities.

Mrs. Rose Aben

c/o Divisional Delegation of agriculture

c/o Mr. Sanjou-Tadzong

P.O. Box 581

Mankon

Bamenda

Cameroon

Bamenda Horticulture Society (BAHORSO) is an NGO, non profit making, non political, sustainable self-help Agricultural organization:

Encourages the population to grow, consume and enjoy plants, environmental conservation, improve economic situation, markets (different kinds of activities).

Mr. John Musa

P.O. Box 5182

Bamenda

Cameroon

Amateur horticulture Association (AHA) was founded in 1990 for the promotion of organic horticulture and environmental awareness in Cameroon.

c/o Normita G. Ignacio

Silang

Cavite 4118

the Philippines

IIRR is a non-profit NGO dedicated to improve the quality of life of the rural poor in the developing nations of Africa, Asia and Latin America. IIRR's mission is to improve the quality of lives of the rural poor in developing countries through rural reconstruction: a sustainable, integrated and people centred development strategy generated through practical field experiences.

Petra Jacobi

P.O. Box 31311

Dar es Salaam

Tanzania

Urban vegetable promotion project is a bilateral, research oriented GTZ Project.

Objectives of the project:

H.I. Ajaegbu

7, Murtala Mohamed Avenue

Jos

Nigeria

The Population, Environment and Development Agency (PEDA) is a non-profit NGO, established to complement the efforts of the governments and the communities improving the quality of live of these people. Since 1992 the Agency has assisted local communities and organizations in project formulation and execution on several aspects of population, environment and the general developing process.

c/o Dr R.T. Doshi

26th Road

Bandra

Bombay

400 050 India

c/o Dr R.T. Doshi

26th Road

Bandra

Bombay

400 050 India

INORA is mainly involved in extension, education and research of organic farming.

their objectives are: extension, education and research

c/o Kisan Metha

620 Jame Jamshed Road

Fourth floor, Dadar East

Bombay

400 014 India

PRAKRUTI operates through two organizations; Save Bombay Committee (SBC) and Prakruti. SBC (formed in 1971-72) takes the extreme no-compromise stand on mega projects which create waste and degradation of natural resources, environmental pollution, marginalisation and deprivation of the poor, forcing unhealthy change in lifestyles etc, and it studies alternatives.

Prakruti (formed in 1988) takes up rural issues including agriculture, forestry, rights of people to land and life.

NOT INVOLVED IN ANY PROGRAMME OF URBAN AGRICULTURE, but has information about his campaign for turning city organic waste into soil conditioner/manure through vermiculture.

projet à Antohamadinika

B.P. 732

Antananarivo 101

Madagascar

UNICEF works on the subjects:

health, Nutrition, education, waster and sanitation and services on base urban.

Mr Seydou Diakité et Mme Anne Keita

B.P. 1881

Bamako

Mali

response of GIE (groupement d'Intérêt Economique) FASO KANU, Bamako, Mali.

Project KANA: neighbourhood activities to ameliorate city life by collecting household waste.

Project JIGINE: 9 ha of cultivation of legumes: banana, maize, gombo and a orchard of manso etc.

In future they would like to make this to project complementary.

Marie Dominique de Suremain y Maria Victoria Bojaca

Bogota

Colombia

fax. 00-57-2882567

ENDA is a Colombian NGO correlated to the net of all ENDAs. They set up and support the construction of a sustainable urban environment. ENDA works for a human city where they have respect for difference, help for insurance, equity etc and pretends the amelioration of the quality of life.

There are 3 areas of interest: communication and culture, sanitate and recycling and women and city.

Albina Ruiz Rios y Jorge V. correa Solis

Lima

Peru

fax. 00-51-1-4816826

The NGO Alternativa is organised in 6 departments: urban development, administration and regional development, employment promotion, health, lay and alimentation. Further more there is an information and documentation centre, planning department and administration department, and supporting groups.

Institutional objectives:

Davison J.Gumbo

Waterfield Road 1

P.O. Box 3492

Mt. Pleasant

Harare

Zimbabwe

Harrington Jere

P.O. Box 50141

Lusaka

Zambia

David Catling

Cape Town

South Africa

fax 00-27-21-959-3242

Mme Véronique Gnanih

p/a Emmaüs Tohoue

B.P. 492

Porto Novo

Benin

GERAD/IMRAD

B.P. 1988

Bamako

Mali

Jaap de Vries

Lima

Peru

fax. 00-51-14-424 586

Miryam Arbomo

Avda Colon 1141-5014

Córdoba

Argentina

APPENDIX III: QUESTIONNAIRE URBAN AGRICULTURE

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Please send your answers, preferably before 15 September 1995, to:

WASTE

attn. Ms Doortje 't Hart

Crabethstraat 38F

2801 AN Gouda

The Netherlands.

fax. +31-1820-84885

fax. +31-182-584885 (after October 10, 1995)