Urban Environmental Project Portfolio by Budget Line (1990-1995)

 

Region specific budget lines

Funding

Beneficiary Regions

Partners

Profile of projects

Examples

ACP countries
  • European Development Fund - EDF VI & VII
    •

Unit responsible:

DG VIII

Total budget

EDF VII (1990-95) : 11,480 MECU

Average budget p.a.

about 1913 MECU

Urban environment

(1990-1995)

  • 25 projects

78 MECU (about

0.7% total aid)

  • 8 projects in the
  • Caribbean (1 in Jamaica account for
  • 62% of the funding)
  • 1 small project in the Pacific
  • 16 projects in Africa (32.8%)
  • Private operators and consultants
  • NGOs and other local partners
  • participation
  • is still rare
  • 1/3 of the projects funded are large scale projects (ranging from 3 to 25 MECU)
  • Most projects focused on capital cities, only two projects are focused on small cities and rural towns.
  • Most projects have a technical approach oriented to the provision of physical infrastructure (water supply and sanitation) followed by solid waste management.

    • Predominantly top-down approach

    • Rural Towns Water-Borne Sewerage Schemes for Karibib & Outjo, Namibia
    • (97.EDFVII/040)
    • Negril Sewerage System, Jamaica (93/EDFVII/023&024)
    • Turks & Caicos Island water and sewerage

    Latin America
    • B7-3010 Financial & Technical Cooperation with LA
    • B7-3011 Economic Cooperation with LA
      •

    Unit responsible:

    DG IB-B

    Total annual budget

    (1997): 427 MECU

    Urban environment

    • 15 projects
    • 39 MECU
    • Central America
    • (33% of the projects & 34% of the funds) most projects are regional.
    • Andean Community (50% of the projects & 60% of the funds)
    • MERCOSUR & Chile (few initiatives)
  • national and local authorities
  • private operators and consultants
  • NGOs
    		•
    • More than half of projects & funding devoted to the construction of new physical facilities (water supply, sanitation, flood prevention)
    • A few projects address environment-poverty problems, albeit from a conventional approach.
    • A few innovative smaller projects (0.1 to 0.2 MECU) based on the development of local capacities for urban EPM.
      •
    • Agua y saneamiento basico en la Costa Pacífico (Colombia) (COL/ALA/92/39)
    • Regional Programme for collection & treatment of hazardous hospital wastes in Central America (ALA/91/33)
    • Assainessement du Rio Torres (San Jose, Costa Rica) (CRI/95/251)

    Asia
    • B7-3000 Financial & Technical Cooperation with Asia
    • B7-3001 Economic Cooperation with Asia
      •

    Unit responsible :

    DGIB/ C

    Total annual budget (1997): 335 MECU

    Urban environment
    • 15 projects
    • 15 MECU
  • South Asia (2 small projects)
  • Southeast Asia (92% of the funding)
  • One regional programme
  • national and local authorities
  • local private sector
  • private operators and consultants
  • International municipal associations (UTDA/Citynet)
    		•
    • The two budget lines present a different profile :
    • B7-3000  has supported a small number of large projects focused on water supply & water resources management and flood protection.
      •

    B7-3001  has supported smaller projects focused on: industrial pollution control & prevention, & strengthening the capacity of municipal authorities in urban EPM

    • Solid Waste Bangkok Metropolitan Authority Thailand (3001/92/697)
    • Pollution control of leather tanneries, India, (3001/94/017)
    • Euro-ASEAN cities Municipal Environmental Cooperation Programme (MECP),
    • (3001/92/203/577)
    • Rural Town Development Study Project (RTDS) in Bangladesh

    Mediterranean
    • B7-410 (MEDA) & Mediterranean Protocols)
    • Med-Urbs and Med-Campus
      •

    Unit responsible :

    DG IB / A

    Total annual budget (1997):

    836.7 MECU

    Urban environment:
    • 46 projects
    • 15 MECU
  • The Palestinian Occupied Territories: account for 50% of the total funding)
  • Med-Urbs and Med-Campus have supported projects in all 12 Mediterranean eligible countries

    • Financial protocols focused on

    • national authorities and multilateral bodies

    Decentralised cooperation based on EU-Med networks with :
    • local governments
    • universities & research institutions
    • other ESAs
  • A few project funded from the Financial protocols and MEDA with a conventional approach towards infrastructure provision
  • Mostly small projects through decentralised cooperation programmes focused on :
  • Building municipal management capacities, encouraging local participation & multisectorial partnerships; improving information; promoting alternative technologies
  • Actions cover a broad range of environmental themes: water & solid waste management; preservation of urban & natural resources; hazard risks prevention; etc.
  • DEMEDOR - Solid waste management Lebanon, Cyprus, Syria. (Med-Urbs/95/39)
  • MED-WATER , Morocco, Lebanon, Syria (Med-Urbs/94/15)
  • Gaza Solid waste disposal project, Palestine (B7-420/OT/95/02)
  • MARCO POLO. City Planning and management, Syria, Morocco (Med-Campus94/95)
    		•

     

     

    Horizontal

    budget lines

    Funding

    Beneficiary regions

    Partners

    Profile of projects

    Examples

    • B7-6200
      •

    Environment in Developing

    Countries

    Units responsible:

    DG IB/D/4

    DGVIII/A/1

    Total annual budget (1997): 15 MECU

    • Urban environment
    • 36 projects
    • 18 MECU

     

    • Asian, Latin American & Mediterranean Countries (DG IB/D/4) (50.3 MECU)
    • African, Caribbean & Pacific countries (DG VIII/A/1) (52.1 MECU)
  • NGOs
  • private operators
  • research institutions
  • public authorities
  • international organisations (World Bank, UNEP)
  • DG VIII in ACP countries : most activities oriented towards strategic studies and policy plans to promote a better integration of the environment in all sectors of development cooperation, this includes a few projects with an urban focus
  • DG IB in ALA-MED: demonstration projects focusing on innovative solutions and involvement of local communities.
  • Main themes : high priority to solid waste management, although other issues are also addressed, including air pollution, city greening, environmental health
    		•
    • Urban Popular Environmental Economy Programme (PRECEUP - second phase) (96/IB/11)*
    • Programme Managing the Environment Locally in Sub Saharan Africa (MELISSA) (96/VIII/03)*
    • Gaza city solid waste disposal, Palestinian Occupied Territories (93/IB/57)
    • Rubbish collection in 4 municipalities in Santiago, Chile (95/IB/05)
      •
    • B7-6000 (ex 5010)

    NGO Co-financing

    Unit responsible :

    DG VIII/B/2- Decentralised cooperation and NGO co-financing

    Total annual budget

    (1997): 160 MECU
    • Estimate 30% of total funding goes to urban projects

    Urban environment

    (according to ERM)

    • 16 projects
    • 2.96 MECU

     

    • Most projects focused on Latin America and Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh, India
    • Only a few projects in Africa
      •
    • Broad range of Northern NGOs, most of them focused on development issues
    • Southern NGOs and grassroots organisations
    • Overall objective: assisting Northern NGO projects to support Southern NGOs & NGO campaigns to promote public awareness & solidarity in the EU of development issues in the context of developing countries.
    • Projects are demand-driven around specific policies and are not tied to specific policies
    • Project themes include a wide range of issues, such as :
    • slum upgrading
    • promotion of small enterprises & income generation activities
    • development of environmental & social infrastructure
    • empowerment of minority or less advantaged groups
      •
    • Integrated urban development project of the Popular Training Institute (IPC), Colombia (ONG/PVD/95/378/UK)
    • Support to local NGOs in the provision of water, sanitation and health education in North eastern India ((ONG/PVD/95/88/UK)
  • B7-6430 (ex 5077)
    •

    Decentralised cooperation in developing countries

    Unit responsible :

    DG VIII/B/2

    Total annual budget

    (1997): 5 MECU

    Since 1993 about 35% of all projects and programmes are relevant to urban EPM

    Urban environment
    • 21 projects
    • 5.44 MECU
  • ACP countries (61%)
  • Latin America (28%)
  • Asia (4%)
  • Mediterranean and other (7%)
  • NGOs and local communities
  • local authorities, national and international municipal associations
  • some projects defined in cooperation with the mainstream budget lines, and
  • with other ESAs

    • Projects aimed at the following objectives:
    • to act as a catalyst for supporting preparatory projects
    • to encourage, strengthen & mobilise the development capacities of decentralised organisations, both in developing countries & in Europe
    • to foster South-South & North-South networks, partnerships & projects
    • to prepare for longer-term ODA-financed operations

  • The African Sustainable Cities Network, Phase II (B7-6430/1996/10)*

  • Europe- Central America Decentralised Cooperation Programme (B7-5077/1994/79)

  • Programa de Capacitación para la gestión municipal, Chile (B.-5077/1994/11)

    		•

    Note: (*) Projects funded in 1996 have only been included as examples, but not included in the quantitative analysis.